Journal of Statistics and Information

New agriculture formats,formed through the deep integration of digital technologies and traditional agriculture,plays an increasingly important role in promoting the transformation,upgrading of traditional agriculture,and ensuring sustainable agricultural development.Using the business types and operational scopes of firms within the industry as the classification criteria,we evaluate the clustering levels of new agriculture formats enterprises across China's counties from 2000 to 2024.Examining the spatial distribution patterns and clustering dynamics of these enterprises.Meanwhile by applying cluster analysis and quantile regression models,we further investigate the critical role of factor endowment structures in shaping the agglomeration of new agriculture formats,as well as the heterogeneity of such effects across different levels of agglomeration.The results show that:(1)During the observation period,the agglomeration level of new agriculture formats across counties continuously increased and gradually exhibited a multi-polarized distribution pattern.Regionally,these industries tended to concentrate in capital-intensive areas such as the central-eastern regions,the Yangtze River Delta,and the Pearl River Delta,whereas their clustering in land-intensive regions was relatively weak.(2)Further analysis demonstrates that factor endowment structures are key determinants of agglomeration,with relatively abundant capital being the most decisive factor,followed by labor,and finally land.(3)The effects of factor structures on agglomeration exhibit clear heterogeneity across different quantiles,with the importance of capital rising further as agglomeration levels increase.Therefore,local governments should formulate development strategies for new agriculture formats in line with their regional factor endowment characteristics to avoid resource misallocation resulting from blind transformation.At the same time,by cultivating high-level regional technology diffusion hubs,governments can promote coordinated development of new agriculture formats and foster a complementary and synergistic new agglomeration pattern.